Vladimir Ilyich Lenin

NOTEBOOK “δ”

(“DELTA”)


PANNEKOEK, “STATE EXPENDITURE AND IMPERIALISM”

Ant. Pannekoek, “State Expenditure and Imperialism” (Die Neue Zeit, 1913-14, 32, 1, No. 4, October 24, 1913, p. 110 et seq.).

(✕) “In my opinion, the contradiction between
principled and reformist tactics is that the latter
is too strongly determined by imme-
diate interests
, by easily attainable and
apparent results, and sacrifices to them
the inner strength of the prole-
tariat
. Principled, Marxist tactics aim primarily
at increasing the power of the proletariat, thereby
securing the highest positive results; for these
results, being concessions made by the ruling
classes, depend primarily on the power of the
proletariat” (p. 111).
?

And before the above passage:

(**)
not the
right
word;
not so
 
true!
“The essence of the socialist class struggle is
inseparable unity of the struggle for social-
ism
(**) and representation of all the immediate
interests of the proletariat. Only the Party’s fight
for the current interests of the working class makes
it the party of the proletariat, the party of the
masses, and enables it to win victory” (✕).

N.B. Pannekoek’s formulation of the ques-
tion of reformism is wrong.

 
N.B.
Pannekoek has here posed a question of prime
importance, but has answered it badly—or, at
least, inaccurately. “The unity of the struggle for
socialism and for reforms” or “and for the immediate
interests of the workers”? But what is the struggle
for socialism? In Pannekoek’s formula, the distinc-
tion between the Left and the “Centre” is blurred,
wiped out, has disappeared. Even Kautsky (who,
incidentally, made no rejoinder to this article
of Pannekoek’s) would subscribe to Pannekoek’s
formula (the one given here). This formula is wrong.
The struggle for socialism lies in
the unity of the struggle for the immediate
interests of the workers (including reforms) and the
revolutionary struggle for power, for expro-
priation of the bourgeoisie, for the overthrow of
the bourgeois government and the bourgeoisie.

What have to be combined are not the struggle for reforms + phrases about socialism, the struggle “for socialism”, but two forms of struggle.

For example:

1. Voting for reforms + revolutionary action by the masses....

2. Parliamentarism + demonstrations....

3. The demand for reforms + the (concrete) demand for revolution....

Economic struggle together with the unorganised, with the masses, and not only on behalf of the organised workers....

4. Literature for the advanced + free, mass literature for the more backward, for the unorganised, for the “lower masses”....

5. Legal literature + illegal....


{cf. same volume of Die Neue Zeit, p. 591, on “unskilled” workers in America}


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