Vladimir Ilyich Lenin

NOTEBOOK “ο”

(“OMICRON”)


BAUER, THE NATIONAL QUESTION
AND SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY

Otto Bauer, The National Question and Social-Democracy, St. Petersburg, 1909.

From §30: “Socialism and the Nationality Principle.”

 p. 534: ...“The socialist community will
never be able to include whole nations within
its make-up by force. Imagine the masses of
the people, enjoying all the blessings of
their national culture, taking a full and
active part in legislation and administration,
and, finally, supplied with arms—would it be
possible to subordinate such a nation to the
rule of an alien social organism by force?
All state power rests on the force of arms.
The present-day people’s army, thanks to its
ingenious mechanism, still constitutes a tool
in the hands of a definite person, family or
class, exactly like the knightly or mercenary
army of the past. The army of the democratic
community of a socialist society is nothing but
the people armed, since it consists of highly
cultured persons, working without compulsion
in socialised workshops and taking full part
in all spheres of political life. Under such
conditions, any possibility of rule by a foreign
nation disappears” (534).
N.B.
such
conditions

A United States of Europe is “not an empty dream”, but the “inevitable end of the road on which the nations set foot long ago” (542).

If a socialist Germany wanted to send part of her work people to the Ukraine, she would not do so “without guaranteeing them their cultural independence” (543) ... (the end of §30).

In §9: “Imperialism and the Nationality Principle” (512-29 of the Russian translation), the author quotes Schulze-Gaevernitz on British imperialism, points to the disintegration of Turkey, to Italy’s attempt to seize Albania: “Allusions will be made to Trento and Trieste, while having Albania in mind” (519). “In this way a predatory imperialist war can be presented to the mass of the Italian nation as a war for national freedom” (519)....

Baghdad, Russia in Persia, etc.—“such are the seeds and elements of those future conflicts” (518)....

 In the same way “British imperialism unfolds
before the mass of voters a seductive picture of an
empire of 400 million people under the rule of the
single British nation, while having in mind the
monopoly profits of the iron and steel magnates and
speculation on the London Stock Exchange”.... “At
some time Russian imperialism will probably pro-
claim the freedom and unity of Poland and the
Ukraine in order to open new markets to the St.
Petersburg, Moscow and Lodz manufacturers” ...
“and German imperialism, too, will have to proclaim
itself successor to the Greater Germany idea of 1848,
and inscribe on its banner the realisation of the
single Greater German fatherland, while having in
mind the sacrifice of German workers and peasants
to safeguard capitalist interests on the Tigris and
Euphrates” (522-23)....
N.B.

“The destruction of Austria within capitalist society can only be the work of imperialism” (528)....

“The disintegration of Austria presupposes the triumph of imperialism in Germany, Russia and Italy. But the triumph of imperialism implies the defeat of the working class in these countries” (527). The Austrian workers should not pin their hopes on the triumph of imperialism....


KAUTSKY, “PATRIOTISM, WAR, AND SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY” | GRUMBACH, THE MISTAKE OF ZIMMERWALD-KIENTHAL

Works Index | Volume 39 | Collected Works | L.I.A. Index
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