Lenin: 1916/ni-gamma: MORRIS, THE HISTORY OF COLONISATION

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin

NOTEBOOK “γ”

(“GAMMA”)

MORRIS, THE HISTORY OF COLONISATION

Henry C. Morris, The History of Colonisation, New York, 1900, 2 vols.
A historical survey from the most ancient times until 1899.
Interesting statistical summaries.

Modern Development of French Colonial Power (p. 419. I)
	1815-30	1860	1880	1890	1899


Asia	197	197	69,147	201,000	363,027
Africa	1,034	185,650	624,624	2,128,814	3,320,488
America	16,000	48,011	48,011	48,043	48,011
Oceania	—	8,000	8,565	9,135	9,220

(Area in sq. miles)	17,231	241,858	750,347	2,386,992	3,740,746
	1815-30	1860	1880	1890	1899


Asia	179,000	221,507	3,333,500	18,000,000	22,679,100
Africa	95,000	2,800,000	3,702,482	16,800,000	33,257,010
America	225,000	300,000	391,084	372,805	383,750
Oceania	—	50,000	93,831	72,300	82,000

Population)	499,000	3,371,507	7,520,897	35,245,105	56,401,860

Idem of British (II, 88)
	1815	1860	1880	1890	1899


Europe		1,163	127	119	119
Asia		875,797	963,384	1,827,228	1,827,579
Africa		129,976	278,446	341,858	367,928
America		954,170	3,359,243	3,768,818	3,952,572
Australasia		580,134	3,083,770	3,175,153	3,175,840

(Area in sq. miles)		2,541,240	7,684,970	9,113,176	9,324,038
Europe	340,000	386,557	175,186	191,417	204,421
Asia	124,200,000	137,279,105	256,148,625	288,436,340	291,586,688
Africa	243,500	835,650	2,717,816	4,963,062	4,931,780
America	1,599,850	4,226,744	6,016,077	6,708,042	7,260,169
Australasia	25,050	2,401,024	2,877,440	4,416,843	5,009,281

Population)	126,408,400	145,129,080	267,935,144	304,715,704	308,992,339

The author gives the following table, II, 318, taking the figures from The Statesman’s Year-Book for 1900.

			Area (sq. miles)		Population
		No. of colonies	Metropolis	Colonies, etc.		Metropolis		Colonies, etc.
	United Kingdom	50	120,979	11,605,238		40,559,954		345,222,339
	France	33	204,092	3,740,756		38,517,975		56,401,860
	Germany	13	208,830	1,027,120		52,279,901		14,687,000
	Netherlands	3	12,648	782,862		5,074,632		35,115,711
	Portugal	9	36,038	801,100		5,049,729		9,148,707
	Spain	3	197,670	243,877		17,565,632		136,000
	Italy	2	110,646	188,500		31,856,675		850,000
	Austria-Hungary	2	241,032	23,570		41,244,811		1,568,092
	Denmark	3	15,289	86,634		2,185,335		114,229
(✕)	Russia	3	8,660,395	255,550		128,932,173		15,684,000
	Turkey	4	1,111,741	465,000		23,834,500		14,956,236
	China	5	1,336,841	2,881,560		386,000,000		16,680,000
	U.S.A.	6	3,557,000	172,091		77,000,000		10,544,617

	Total . . . . .	136	15,813,201	22,273,858		850,103,317	^[1]	521,108,791

(x) In Austria—Bosnia and Herzegovina.—In Turkey—Egypt, Bulgaria (and Rumelia) and Samos. In China—Manchuria, Mongolia, Tibet, “Jungaria” and Eastern Turkestan.—In Russia—Bukhara 92,000 sq. miles, Khiva 22,300 sq. miles: ? + ? Port Arthur, etc.??

Not clear from the text (pp. 291-92), the references
are mostly to The Statesman’s Year-Book.

My calculations^[2]



Great Britain			France		Germany		All three ΣΣ

	Area (mill sq. miles)	Popula- tion (mill.)
1815-30	?	126	0.01	0.5
1860	2.5	145.1	0.2	3.4	—	—	2.7	148.5
1880	7.7	267.9	0.7	7.5	—	—	8.4	275.4
1890	9.1	304.7	2.4	35.2	1.0	14.5	12.5	354.4
1899	9.3	309.0	3.7	56.4	1.0	14.7	14.0	380.1

Maximum 1860-80			1880-90		1880-90		1860-80
(1890 to be deleted)

Growth of French colonies (from The Statesman’s Year-Book for 1900), I, 420.
	Year of acquisition	Area sq. miles		Population


Asia
India	1679	197		279,100
Annam	1884	88,780		5,000,000
Cambodia	1862	40,530		1,500,000
Cochin-China	1861	23,160		2,400,000
Tonking(+Laos)	1884-93	210,370		13,500,000


	Total	363,027	^[3]	22,679,100
Africa
Algeria	1830	184,474		4,430,000
Algerian Sahara		123,500		50,000
Tunisia	1881	50,840		1,500,000
Sahara Region		1,684,000		2,500,000
Senegal	1637	120,000		2,000,000
Sudan	1880	300,000		2,500,000
Ivory Coast	1843	100,000		2,500,000
Dahomey	1893	50,000		1,000,000
Congo and Gabon	1884	425,000		12,000,000
French Guinea	1843	48,000		1,000,000
Obok & Somali Coast	1864	5,000		22,000
Réunion	1649	970		173,200
Comoro Isles	1886	620		53,000
Mayotte	1843	140		11,640
Nossi-Be	1841	130		9,500
Sainte-Marie	1643	64		7,670
Madagascar	1896	227,750		3,500,000

		3,320,488	*	33,257,010
America
Guiana	1626	46,850		22,710
Guadeloupe & Dependencies	1634	688		167,100
Martinique	1635	380		187,690
St. Pierre & Miquelon	1635	93		6,250

		48,011		383,750
Oceania
New Caledonia & Dependencies	1854	7,700		53,000
Other French establishments	1841-81	1,520		29,000

		9,220		82,000


		ΣΣ=3,740,756	^[4]	56,401,860

German Colonies, II. 304
		Area sq. miles		Population


Oceania
Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land	1885-86	70,000		110,000
Bismarck Archipelago	1885	20,000		188,000
Solomon Islands	1886	4,200		45,000
Marshall ”	1886	150		13,000
Caroline ”	1899	⎧ ⎨ ⎩	560	40,000
Marianne ”	1899		250	2,000
Samoan ”
Savali	1899		660	12,500
Upolu	1899	340		16,600

		96,160		427,100
China
Kiao-chow	1897	200		60,000
Africa
Togoland	1884	33,000		2,500,000
Cameroons	1884	191,130		3,500,000
German Southwest Africa	1884-90	322,450		200,000
German East Africa	1885-90	384,180		8,000,000

		930,760		14,200,000


		ΣΣ=1,027,120		14,687,100



My calculations:			Ergo:


(1880-90)	94,350	356,000		1860—	0	—	0
	930,760	14,200,000		1880—	0	—	0

	1,025,110	14,556,000		1890—	1,025,110		14,556,000
(1890–99)	1,810	71,100
	200	60,000


	2,010	131,000


	1,027,120	14,687,100		1899—	1,027,120		14,687,100

British Colonies, II. 88
		Area sq. miles		Population


India
British India	1601-1856	1,068,314		221,172,952
Feudatory States		731,944		66,050,479

		1,800,258		287,223,431
Europe
Gibraltar	1704	2		24,093
Malta & Gozo	1800	117		180,328
Asia
Aden & Perim	1839	80		41,910
Ceylon	1795	25,333		3,448,752
Hong Kong	1842	406		354,400
Labuan	1846	30		5,853
Straits Settlements	1819	1,471		512,342
Africa
Ascension	1815	35		430
Basutoland	1868-83	10,293		250,000
Cape Colony	1806	276,775		1,787,960
Mauritius	1810	705		337,856
Natal & Zululand	1824	35,019		902,365
St. Helena	1651	47		4,545
West Africa
Gambia	1631	69		14,300
Gold Coast	1661	40,000		1,473,882
Lagos	1787	985		85,607
Sierra Leone	1789	4,000		74,835
America
Bermudas	1609	20		16,291
Canada	1763	3,653,946		5,185,990
Falkland Islands & St. George	1833	7,500		2,050
British Guiana	1803	109,000		286,222
” Honduras	1670	7,562		34,747
Newfoundland & Labrador	1497	162,200		202,040
West Indies
Bahamas	1629	4,466		53,256
Jamaica & Turks Islands	1655	4,359		733,118
Barbados	1605	166		190,000
Leeward Islands	17th century	701		127,800
Windward ”	” ”	784		155,000
Trinidad & Tobago	1763-97	1,868		273,655
Australasia
Fiji	1874	7,740		121,738
New Guinea	1884	90,540		350,000
New South Wales	1788	310,700		1,357,050
New Zealand	1840	104,470		796,387
Queensland	1859	668,500		498,523
South Australia	1836	903,690		362,897
Tasmania	1803	29,390		171,340
West Australia	1829	975,920		168,490

Total		7,523,780	^[5]	21,768,908	^[6]
Total India plus colonies		9,324,038	^[5]	308,992,339

{The “history” itself, it seems, is a dry enumeration of
facts.}

Notes

[1] So given by Morris.—Ed.

[2] See present edition, Vol. 22, p. 255.—Ed.

[3] So given by Morris.—Ed.

[4] So given by Morris.— Ed.

[5] So given by Morris. Under the heading “Australasia”, Lenin has omitted the data on Victoria: area 87,890 sq. miles and population 1,176,854.—Ed.

[6] So given by Morris. Under the heading “Australasia”, Lenin has omitted the data on Victoria: area 87,890 sq. miles and population 1,176,854.—Ed.

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