Written not earlier than 1908.
Published in 1937 in
the magazine Proletarskaya
Revolyutsia, No. 8
Published according
to the original.
[5][1]...In intellectual circles a traditional atti- |
sic! | |||||
tude has been established towards philosophy....
Very many Marxists adhere to the same view.
[6]...To maintain such a viewpoint means falling
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used by it[2] ... serve |it| to denote social classes,
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incorrect ⅴ | |||||
dealing with the philosophical system of this or |
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that bourgeois thinker, we are dealing with a pic-
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incorrect! | |||||
means of conventional symbols and reproducing
[7]...These pictures must not be accepted as
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... the first brilliant attempt at this sort of re- |
sic! | |||||
appraisal took place as far back as several years
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Thought"[3] undoubtedly opens up a new era |
!! | |||||
in the history of philosophy: after the appearance
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were formed against the background of authoritar-
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what
nonsense! |
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reflected a social antithesis-the antithesis of the
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[8]...In these circumstances, a social and genet-
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is not only desirable, but definitely necessary. |
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It is a task which is extremely difficult and com-
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neo-Kantianism or Machism.... |
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[9-10]...Our essay is not intended for a limited |
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circle of experts.... Demos is revealing an interest |
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in philosophy... our exposition is of a somewhat
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defending .... can be more easily mastered if illustrat-
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I
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[11-12]...Production relations of |"authoritar- |
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ian"| society... The primitive ||savage|| every-
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now the
nonsense is clear!! |
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senses-this is the physiological organism, the bo-
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Fiction and
empty phrases. Indeed, very "gen- eral" !! Words. The savage and primitive communism are slurred over. Mate- rialism and idealism in Greece as well. |
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[13]...The concept of the mind acquires an in-
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nothing but
idealism! |
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[14]...When in the history of Greek philosophy
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tion had gone a long way, that the gulf between
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So, indeed!
And Greek materialism? |
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relations, had lost its right to existence. Earlier,
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and the world of phenomena, the direct connection
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and the
sceptics? |
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existence of this connection is denied. Substance
II
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dualistic "mode of presenting the facts" explained
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what nonsense! | |||||
thesis of organiser and executor is somewhat
[17]...In the worskhop of the medieval artisan
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untrained, unskilled labour. Work is found for
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e.g., trained
workers and trainees un- der them |
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further up the ascending scale, we see groups of
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to page 19 | |||||
"freed" not only from every kind of physical labour,
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{19]...In contrast to the medieval thinkers, the |
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"fathers" of the new philosophy devote very much
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and development, the laws governing the relations
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of organising will, suggested to them, similarly,
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The point is that the leader of the manufactur-
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long chain of organising links. In relation to him,
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Who? See
page 17 |
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stand in opposition to him as organised persons.
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of "matter".... |
nonsense! | |||||
[21-22]...The bourgeois system in general is
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ence between bourgeois metaphysics and the
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NB | |||||
made by materialism is not directed against the
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[22-23]...In the seventeenth century, at the time
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In this vulgar-
isation of the history of philosophy, the struggle of the bourgeoi- |
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tions for large-scale capitalist economy.... They
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sie against
feudalism is completely forgotten. |
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[23-24]...In the second half of the eighteenth
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processes. Hence the generalisation: man is a ma-
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not hence | |||||
...The motion of matter is conditioned by itself,
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The manufacturers did not act as revolution-
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←? and what
about their struggle against clerica- lism? Shulya- tikov has dis- torted history! |
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III
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[25]...The organised require an organiser.... [26]...The intermediary organisatory links- |
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"individual minds" can only fulfil their organising |
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role if there exists a superior organisatory centre.
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NB
what non- sense! the proletar- iat = mat- ter |
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[27]...The Cartesian concept of man is nothing
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We have seen that the world in Descartes' system
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nonsense | |||||
prise.... ...We are dealing with the cult of mental labour. |
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[28]...I am an organiser and, as such, can exist
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assertion, if it is translated into the language of
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...The common, naïve viewpoint sees the external
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[29]...The concept of the worker as merely
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concept of the worker in general. Trade no longer
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and what about
Plato's "ideas"? |
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[31]...Time, Descartes explains, must not be
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[32-33]...Henceforth philosophy is the faithful
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sophical values was determined by changes in the
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New organisers, new organised-new concepts of
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IV
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[37]...All relations between mind and body are
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...The motion of matter and the activity of the
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between mind and matter. [41]...Experience, sensuous perception, is for
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[42]...But ... when Spinoza died, as is well
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of the bourgeoisie-and not only of Holland but
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Spinoza's conception of the world is the song
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infantile | |||||
things, apart from the single substance; there can
V
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ily organised enterprise and is himself the supreme
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phrase-mon-
gering |
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VI
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quieter times began for the manufacturers: Hobbes'
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a fine expla-
nation! prim- itive mate- rialism à la Loria |
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[56]..."The attraction and repulsion of workers
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what about
the relativ- ism of the Greeks? |
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VII
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in the foregoing chapters is beyond doubt.... The position of philosophical scepticism adopted |
vague and
inexact |
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by Hume corresponds precisely to such a conception
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IX
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[81]...There arise systems of so-called objective
ⅹ [88]...objective idealists.... |
?What about
Fichte? Fichte? |
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[94]...But we know that in all the systems of
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Nonsense. | |||||
who, we repeat, note its subordinate position by
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What about
the concept of "motion"? |
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[98]...It is merely one step from Fichte's anti-
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marks. We have already made clear the "real
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what nonsense! | |||||
Hegel merely more fully substantiated the
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which had been outlined by two other objective
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Fichte-an
objective idealist!!! |
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[98-99]...The innovation made by Hegel em-
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"real" relations. The differentiation of functions
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groups. Each group breaks up and new groups are
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process of the internal development of this or that
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( what non-
sense! |
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X
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[100]...Speculative philosophy loses prestige in |
# | |||||
bourgeois society. True, this does not occur all
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![]() what nonsense! |
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[101]...How can the positive nature of the
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|||simple||| law of contrasts, the simple endeavour
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Individualised "complexes"-Ivan, Peter, Jacob
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the worker in general. "Matter" is given back
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) | |||||
[102]...Matter is rehabilitated. Bourgeois so-
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of that nevertheless matter remains matter, i.e.,
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what
nonsense! ![]() |
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[104] A comparison between the most recent
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![]() what nonsense! |
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[106] Neo-Kantianism gives way to a "turn"
XI
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[108]..."the object can never be separated from the
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NB | |||||
[113]...The considerations that have been given
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not declare himself to be on the side of the school
[114]...Such an equalisation of the intermediary
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sphere of philosophy precisely by the endeavour
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fiction. Avenarius' theory on principal coordina- |
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tion, Ernst Mach's theory on the relation of the
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this is true,
but not as stated |
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[116]...Hitherto, Wundt's |monist| views
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←
ha-ha! eclectic not true |
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[118]...Wundt takes just such a leap when, on
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[121]..."Attributes" are transformed into "se-
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[123]...Primacy is asserted for the spiritual
[123-124]...Everything corporeal has necessarily |
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its psychical correlation. No single worker, however
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...But the psychical series constitutes the "orga-
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[128]...Thus, according to Wundt, philosophy
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or as a mental unity: a third solution of the
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[129]...Wundt refuses to give the name substance
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[130]...In this connection, Wundt strongly
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[131]...We shall not enter on an analysis of |
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his proposed formulation, nor shall we explain
...Consequently, the ideologists of the modern
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nonsense!
What about |
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speak of any "permanent" organised principles
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Schopen-
hauer ? |
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something extremely changeable, something that
XII
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force; it struck at an imaginary target. Wundt's |
Ⅴ inexact | |||||
appearance on the scene and the subsequent reac- |
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tion from the camp of Avenarius'[6] disciples did |
true! | |||||
not signify a conflict between the philosophies
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this case, the comparatively insignificant difference |
correct | |||||
between the most advanced and the somewhat less
[134]...We should say more: the empirio-critic- |
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al philosophy should be understood primarily as
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that is so
really?? |
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[135-136]...Heffding's conclusion must, in gen-
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Of course, but
it does not follow from this that func- tionality cannot be a variety of causality. |
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Avenarius, in this case, was merely making
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really? | |||||
sion determined by his social position. ...To many |
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people the views of the "parallelists" might appear
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tualism. The same applies to the views of empirio- |
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criticism. The possibility of their coming close
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Hm?
a lie! why? You have not understood this! aha! |
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[137]...Such is the real background that inspired
[138-139]...dualism-according to Avenarius-
But the antithesis of the "external" and "inter-
An analysis of this antithesis is extremely
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[140]... the subordinate organiser, if his "abso-
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oh, this is
suspicious! A cheap explanation with no ana- lysis of the substance! |
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now converted into "subject," "organises" matter:
[141-142]..."the fullness of human experience"
...In Avenarius, like in Wundt, the "series"
But Wundt and Avenarius part company on
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Concept of the World proclaims views which bring
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true? | |||||
Let us hasten to make a reservation. We do not
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principal co-ordination, taken as a whole, is evi-
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true! | |||||
With the same straightforwardness as Berkeley,
[144]...The supreme "leader" does not figure, |
Here Shulya-
tikov is un- der a misap- prehension, |
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not even in the shape of the Kantian idea of reason,
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point of view. His "invisible" presence is postulated |
bien! | |||||
by the unusually high appraisal of the organisatory
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character of the organising factors that comes |
hm? hm? | |||||
into the forefront.... |
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For Avenarius the world represents an agglom-
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a misappre-
hension |
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Critique of Pure Experience, by the central nerv-
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[145] The viewpoint of idealism in the style
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NB | |||||
by the author of the Critique of Pure Experience.... [146]...Mach's theory of the "ego" as a logical
Mach, like Avenarius, knows two "series"-the
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as the organising principle. And, as with Avena-
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a misappre-
hension aha! |
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[147]...Mach's objection cannot be called valid.
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a misappre-
hension |
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either of the organisatory principle or of the
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by the view of the subordinate organisers as the
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nonsense! | |||||
[148-149]...Besides dealing with the specula-
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modern West-European philosophy as Renouvier,
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NB | |||||
The sphere of philosophy is a veritable "Bastil-
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in mind that, for their part, the bourgeous ideolo-
TABLE OF CONTENTSXI. Wundt |Ostwald| . . . .107 |not in the book The entire book is an example of extreme vul-garisation of materialism. Instead of a concrete analysis of periods, formations, ideologies -empty phrases about "organisers" and ridiculously strained, absurdly false comparisons. A caricature of materialism in history. And it is a pity, for there is an attempt made in the direction of materialism. |
[1] The page references are to Shulyatikov's book.-Ed.
[2] philosophy.-Ed.
[3] Included in the symposium of his articles "From the Psychology of Society."-Lenin
[4] In the present case, we disagree somewhat with the explanations proposed by comrade Bogdanov. He does not attach to this last circumstance the importance it undoubtedly had; he does not even advance it. We had occasion to speak about this question elsewhere "From the History and Practice of the Class Struggle" (in the chapters devoted to the genesis of the ruling classes). Edition of S. Dorovatsky and A. Charushnikov.-Lenin
[5] It will be recalled that Marx in Vol. I of Capital | |||
and K. Kautsky note the dependence between ab-
stract religious views and the development of com- modity production.-Lenin |
not in the
same sense as yours |
||
[6] Carstanjen was the first to reply.-Lenin | Then Willy,
Petzoldt (twice), Kleinpeter. |
[7] Rudolph Wlassak; quoted by Mach in The Analysis of Sensation, p. 52.-Lenin
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